Validation of high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of selected toxic and potential toxic metals in the decontamination process of wastewater discharged in natural receivers

Abstract

A new method based on high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-FAAS) was validated for the determination of selected toxic and potentially toxic metals in wastewater resulting from mining activity. The results were compared with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The HR-CS-FAAS method was characterized by detection limits in the range (µg L^–1) 0.9(Mn)–33.6(Pb), better than ICP-OES for Cu, Fe, Ni, Co, Pb and Mn, and poorer for Cd, Zn and Cr. The Dunnett’s and Tukey’s statistical test showed that both methods were not affected by significant bias against certified value and between them. The recovery in HR-CS-FAAS method was in the range of 98-103% with relative extended uncertainty of 9-25%, and precision of 1.5–14.1%. The results indicated that the HR-CS-FAAS method is suitable for the determination of toxic and potentially toxic elements directly in filtered water samples without any chemical treatment.